Notes from Underground by Fyodor Dostoevsky

In this deeply introspective and philosophical novel, an unnamed narrator, isolated from society, delivers a bitter and often contradictory monologue about his thoughts, experiences, and self-loathing. He grapples with his own contradictions, rejecting both rationality and emotion, and struggles to find meaning in his existence. As he recounts past encounters that reveal his alienation and spite, his descent into darkness becomes increasingly unsettling. Fyodor Dostoevsky’s Notes from Underground is a powerful exploration of free will, existential despair, and the complexity of human nature. A thought-provoking work, it lays the foundation for modern existentialist literature.